为什么使用内嵌Tomcat开发?
开发人员无需搭建Tomcat的环境就可以使用内嵌式Tomcat进行开发,减少搭建J2EE容器环境的时间和开发时容器频繁启动所花时间,提高开发的效率.
怎么搭建内嵌Tomcat环境呢?(以tomcat6和tomcat7为例)
在开发工程(xxxx)的根目录下新建以下的目录:
xxxx/Embedded/conf
xxxx/Embedded/lib
xxxx/Embedded/webapps
xxxx/Embedded/work
apache-tomcat-6.0.32
apache官方只提供了apache-tomcat5和apache-tomcat7的内嵌版本,apache-tomcat6是没有的,但我们同样可以提供内嵌版本。
1.将apache-tomcat-6.0.32\lib下所有的jar包拷到xxxx/Embedded/lib下
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| annotations-api.jar catalina.jar catalina-ant.jar catalina-ha.jar catalina-tribes.jar ecj-3.3.1.jar el-api.jar jasper.jar jasper-el.jar jsp-api.jar servlet-api.jar tomcat-coyote.jar tomcat-dbcp.jar tomcat-i18n-es.jar tomcat-i18n-fr.jar tomcat-i18n-ja.jar
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2.将apache-tomcat-6.0.32\bin下的tomcat-juli.jar包拷到xxxx/Embedded/lib下。
3.将JDK安装目录下的lib中的tools.jar包拷到xxxx/Embedded/lib下。
4.将apache-tomcat-6.0.32\conf下的context.xml和web.xml文件拷贝到xxxx/Embedded/conf下。
5.将xxxx/Embedded/lib下的所有Jar包都加到工程的classpath下。
6.在工程中新建EmbeddedTomcat类,该类代码如下:
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| public class EmbeddedTomcat { private static String CONTEXT_PATH = "/TestForTomcat6"; private static String PROJECT_PATH = System.getProperty("user.dir"); private static String WEB_APP_PATH = PROJECT_PATH + File.separatorChar + "WebRoot"; private static String TOMCAT_HOME = PROJECT_PATH + File.separatorChar + "Embedded" + File.separatorChar + "Tomcat"; private static String ENCODING = "UTF-8"; private static int TOMCAT_PORT = 9080; public static void startTomcat() throws Exception { try { long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); Embedded tomcat = new Embedded(); tomcat.setCatalinaHome(TOMCAT_HOME); System.out.println("TOMCAT_HOME:" + TOMCAT_HOME); Engine engine = tomcat.createEngine(); engine.setName("Catalina"); Host host = tomcat.createHost("localhost", tomcat.getCatalinaHome()); host.setAutoDeploy(true); engine.addChild(host); engine.setDefaultHost(host.getName()); Context context = null; context = tomcat.createContext(CONTEXT_PATH, WEB_APP_PATH); host.addChild(context); host.addChild(tomcat.createContext("", "")); if (!new File(WEB_APP_PATH).exists()) { System.err.println("请检查应用的目录以及相关资源是否存在."); } tomcat.addEngine(engine); Connector connector = tomcat.createConnector((java.net.InetAddress) null, TOMCAT_PORT, false); connector.setURIEncoding(ENCODING); connector.setUseBodyEncodingForURI(true); tomcat.addConnector(connector); AprLifecycleListener listener = new AprLifecycleListener(); tomcat.addLifecycleListener(listener); tomcat.start(); Thread.sleep(3600000); tomcat.stop(); System.err.println("Tomcat started in " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms."); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public static void main(String[] args) { try { EmbeddedTomcat.startTomcat(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
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apache-tomcat-7.0.22
1.请先到apache-tomcat官方网站下载apache-tomcat-7.0.23-embed内嵌版本,解压后将apache-tomcat-7.0.23-embed下的所有jar包拷贝到xxxx/Embedded/lib下,具体的jar如下:
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| ecj-3.7.jar tomcat-dbcp.jar tomcat-embed-core.jar tomcat-embed-jasper.jar tomcat-embed-logging-juli.jar tomcat-embed-logging-log4j.jar
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2.将apache-tomcat-7.0.23/conf下的context.xml和web.xml文件拷贝到xxxx/Embedded/conf下。
3.将xxxx/Embedded/lib下的所有Jar包都加到工程的classpath下。
4.在工程中新建EmbeddedTomcat类,该类代码如下:
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| public class EmbededTomcat { private final Log log=LogFactory.getLog(getClass()); private static String CONTEXT_PATH = "/TestForTomcat7"; private static String PROJECT_PATH = System.getProperty("user.dir"); private static String WEB_APP_PATH = PROJECT_PATH + File.separatorChar + "WebRoot"; private static String CATALINA_HOME = PROJECT_PATH + "/Embedded/Tomcat"; private Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat(); private int port; public EmbededTomcat(int port){ this.port=port; } public void start()throws Exception{ tomcat.setPort(port); tomcat.setBaseDir(CATALINA_HOME); tomcat.getHost().setAppBase(WEB_APP_PATH); try{ StandardServer server = (StandardServer)tomcat.getServer(); AprLifecycleListener listener = new AprLifecycleListener(); server.addLifecycleListener(listener); tomcat.addWebapp(CONTEXT_PATH, WEB_APP_PATH); }catch(ServletException e){ e.printStackTrace(); log.error(e.getMessage()); throw e; } try{ tomcat.start(); tomcat.getServer().await(); }catch(LifecycleException e){ e.printStackTrace(); log.error(e.getMessage()); throw e; } log.info("Tomcat started."); } public void stop()throws Exception{ try{ tomcat.stop(); } catch(LifecycleException ex){ ex.printStackTrace(); log.error(ex.getMessage()); throw ex; } log.info("Tomcat stoped"); } public void setPort(int port){ this.port=port; } public int getPort(){ return this.port; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { EmbededTomcat embededTomcat = new EmbededTomcat(7080); embededTomcat.start(); } }
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遇到问题怎么办?
1.内嵌Tomcat启动时报OutOfMemoryError异常,如何设置JVM的内存大小?
答:请按照以下步骤设置JVM的内存大小:
(1)点击“Window->Preferences->Java->Installed JREs”可以看到所有的JRE。
(2)点中当前使用的JRE,再点击右边的“Edit”。
(3)为该JRE的“Default VM Arguments”配置参数值:-Xmx1024M -Xms512M -XX:MaxPermSize=256m。
2.如何配置数据库的JNDI数据源?
答:打开XXXX\Embedded\Tomcat\conf\context.xml配置文件,添加节点的属性来新建数据源配置,如下:
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| <Resource name="xxxxDataSource" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource" driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver" url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xxxxx" username="xxxx" password="xxxx" maxActive="15" maxIdle="10" initialSize="2" testWhileIdle="true" validationQuery="select 1 from dual" testOnBorrow="true"/>
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来源:http://chenjc-it.iteye.com/blog/1370986